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            <title xml:lang="fr">Jeremy Bentham et les droits de l'homme : un réexamen</title>
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              <p>Due to its harsh basic principle and severe criticism against the Declarations of Human Rights, Bentham's utilitarianism is traditionally reduced to a pure mechanism that neglects the inherent rights of human beings. Firstly, Bentham's positivism precludes any admission of pre-social absolute "rights", which would naturally be secured for individuals. He then adresses the rhetorical import of arguments invoking them. The principle of utility, in its descriptive and prescriptive dimensions, does nevertheless allow for a minute consideration of individuals' claims in society, namely with regards to the creation of law. Furthermore, the calculus of social utility's authenticity implies the instauration of a representative democracy. By way of the Public Opinion Tribunal's constant panoptic supervision, this guarantees that the government's continuous objective is towards achieving the greatest happiness. It is therefore possible to call into question the contended antinomy between Bentham and the prerogatives of the individuals</p>
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              <p>L'utilitarisme benthamien, du fait de l'aridité de son principe fondateur et de sa critique violente des Déclarations de Droits de l'Homme, est traditionnellement réduit à une pure mécanique peu soucieuse des droits inhérents à la personne humaine. Le juspositivisme de Bentham fait tout d'abord obstacle à l'admission de " droits " présociaux absolus, dont seraient nantis par nature les individus. Il met ensuite en évidence la portée rhétorique des argumentations qui les invoquent. Pour autant, le principe d'utilité, dans ses versants descriptif et prescriptif, assure la prise en compte minutieuse, en vue de la production du droit, des revendications des individus coexistant en société. Par ailleurs, l'authenticité du calcul de l'utilité sociale implique l'instauration d'une démocratie représentative qui assure, au moyen d'une surveillance panoptique constante du Tribunal de l'opinion publique, la permanence chez les gouvernants du souci du plus grand bonheur. Dès lors, il semble possible de relativiser l'antinomie établie entre Bentham et les prérogatives des individus.</p>
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