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Journal Articles Brookings Papers on Economic Activity Year : 2017

The European trust crisis and the rise of populism

Abstract

We study the implications of the Great Recession for voting or antiestablishment parties, as well as for general trust and political attitudes, using regional data across Europe. We find a strong relationship between increases in unemployment and voting for non mainstream parties, especially populist ones. Moreover, unemployment increases in tandem with declining trust toward national and European political institutions, though we find only weak or no effects of unemployment on interpersonal trust. The correlation between unemployment and attitudes toward immigrants is muted, especially for their cultural impact. To explore causality, we extract the component of increases in unemployment explained by the precrisis structure of the economy, in particular the share of construction in regional value added, which is strongly related both to the buildup preceding and the bursting of the crisis. Our results imply that crisis-driven economic insecurity is a substantial determinant of populism and political distrust.
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Dates and versions

hal-03393491 , version 1 (21-10-2021)

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Yann Algan, Sergei Guriev, Elias Papaioannou, Evgenia Passari. The European trust crisis and the rise of populism. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2017, 48 (2), pp.309-400. ⟨10.1353/eca.2017.0015⟩. ⟨hal-03393491⟩
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