This report is the result of a research project conducted by Sciences Po’s Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Evaluation of Public Policy (LIEPP). The report aims to analyze Kuwait’s current social policy system, identify key challenges, and in response to these challenges, propose general reforms. This report is split in two parts: the first part provides an overall description of Kuwait’s welfare system, and assessment of main challenges. The second part proposes guidelines and recommendations to develop new venues for social policies in Kuwait, with a strengthened focus on social investment for a dynamic society and economy less dependent on oil revenues.